Egypt’s land was never uninhabited. When humans knew the life of caves and deserts in the Old Stone Age, they lived on the land of Egypt. As the rains decreased and drought prevailed, they descended to the Nile Valley, finding a place and another source for their basic human needs. Air alone couldn't sustain life. They understood the Nile and the timing of its flood, understood agriculture, and from its remains, built homes. The Nile provided them with shelter, food, drink, and clothing if they wished. Thus, they realized stability, leaving behind their nomadic lives. This allowed them to focus on building and establishing, in line with the innate nature God created them with. Searching for food and shelter comes first, followed by building.

They knew trade before they knew money, understanding its purpose, not just its benefits. The aim of commerce was to provide necessities in a mutually beneficial manner between individuals.

Once their basic needs were secure, their minds ventured further. They discovered writing, arts, and with study and experience, various sciences such as medicine, astronomy, engineering, and construction. Ancient Egyptians, driven by life's demands, delved into human nature, the universe, and the Creator. They recognized religions, modes of worship, and even monotheism. This led them to establish one of the oldest and most significant civilizations in history, the ancient Pharaonic civilization. The Egyptians thrived during this period, believing they were the sole civilization on Earth, save for one or two places, such as the Mesopotamian civilization in Iraq.

Since then, Egypt has been a primary target for any colonial mind and every colonial nation seeking to expand its borders. Throughout its history, Egypt experienced numerous tumultuous periods, some difficult and others more noticeable. Egypt first faced invasion by the Persians. Their rule continued until they were overthrown by Alexander the Great. One of his senior commanders, Ptolemy I, took over, establishing the Ptolemaic dynasty. The Roman Empire then coveted Egypt, capturing it after the famous Battle of Actium. The Romans and Persians then competed for control over Egypt, each having their victories. The Egyptians, especially Christians, suffered during this period, facing persecution and fleeing to deserts and caves to escape the wrath of tyrannical emperors. This continued until the Emperor Constantine, the first Roman emperor to convert to Christianity, recognized Christianity within the Roman Empire and ended the persecution against its followers.

The Byzantine era ended with the introduction of Islam to Egypt by Amr ibn al-As in 641 AD. Egypt saw the rise and fall of many empires and was coveted by others who succeeded in their annexation attempts.

The story continues.